10 World’s Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries in 2022
10 World’s Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries – Based on data from the FAO Statistical
Database (FAOSTAT), there are 10 World’s
Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries in 2022. So far, Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the
tuberous crops that are widely cultivated in various countries in the world.
Based on its history, this plant is one of the oldest crops originating from
the Asian continent.
Functionally, garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an essential commodity because it has many functional uses, especially as a cooking ingredient and medicinal purposes. Biochemically, garlic bulbs contain compounds allicin and scordinin which can act as antibiotic substances from dangerous infestation effects of fungus, bacteria, other microorganism. Functionally, this can help and boost the immune system of the human body. In addition, from a culinary perspective, Garlic is also known as a favored cooking ingredient. Commonly, the bulb of garlic has a spicy and fragrant aroma because it contains methyl allyl disulfide compounds that make dishes more delicious.
Taxonomically, the garlic plant belongs to the Kingdom: Plantae;
Order: Asparagales;
Family: Amaryllidaceae;
Subfamily: Allioideae; Genus: Allium; Species: A. sativum. Based on the classification, this plant is included
in the Amaryllidaceae family, so it has a close relationship with blood lily (Cape tulip), Cornish lily (Nerine),
belladonna lily, onions (A. cepa),
French shallots (A. oschaninii), and
the other plants with the same family.
The World’s Production, Harvested Areas, and Yield of Garlic From 1980 to 2022
|
Years |
World's Harvested Areas |
World's Production of Garlic in 2021 |
Yield / Productivity |
|
(Hectares) |
(Tons) |
(Tons / Hectare) |
|
|
1980 |
619,410 |
4,251,797 |
6.86 |
|
1981 |
636,209 |
4,426,568 |
6.96 |
|
1982 |
671,333 |
4,762,594 |
7.09 |
|
1983 |
711,192 |
5,087,563 |
7.15 |
|
1984 |
718,023 |
5,179,696 |
7.21 |
|
1985 |
684,045 |
5,086,919 |
7.44 |
|
1986 |
714,696 |
5,367,794 |
7.51 |
|
1987 |
771,260 |
5,780,681 |
7.50 |
|
1988 |
759,755 |
5,823,597 |
7.67 |
|
1989 |
759,386 |
5,995,397 |
7.90 |
|
1990 |
811,519 |
6,463,996 |
7.97 |
|
1991 |
797,715 |
7,132,976 |
8.94 |
|
1992 |
799,485 |
7,417,830 |
9.28 |
|
1993 |
810,836 |
7,493,780 |
9.24 |
|
1994 |
837,854 |
7,681,234 |
9.17 |
|
1995 |
877,582 |
8,447,919 |
9.63 |
|
1996 |
886,145 |
8,960,942 |
10.11 |
|
1997 |
926,903 |
8,926,717 |
9.63 |
|
1998 |
955,236 |
9,123,810 |
9.55 |
|
1999 |
991,964 |
9,693,775 |
9.77 |
|
2000 |
1,084,051 |
11,079,744 |
10.22 |
|
2001 |
1,087,923 |
11,464,679 |
10.54 |
|
2002 |
1,108,750 |
12,566,909 |
11.33 |
|
2003 |
1,135,055 |
13,677,270 |
12.05 |
|
2004 |
1,154,037 |
14,457,120 |
12.53 |
|
2005 |
1,179,643 |
15,058,220 |
12.77 |
|
2006 |
1,173,102 |
15,332,254 |
13.07 |
|
2007 |
1,304,629 |
20,119,332 |
15.42 |
|
2008 |
1,404,366 |
22,792,221 |
16.23 |
|
2009 |
1,321,077 |
22,080,150 |
16.71 |
|
2010 |
1,337,475 |
22,580,354 |
16.88 |
|
2011 |
1,385,130 |
23,091,950 |
16.67 |
|
2012 |
1,446,121 |
23,412,017 |
16.19 |
|
2013 |
1,429,728 |
24,252,990 |
16.96 |
|
2014 |
1,418,379 |
25,019,307 |
17.64 |
|
2015 |
1,501,055 |
26,974,810 |
17.97 |
|
2016 |
1,492,984 |
25,864,386 |
17.32 |
|
2017 |
1,539,015 |
25,905,949 |
16.83 |
|
2018 |
1,585,650 |
26,825,195 |
16.92 |
|
2019 |
1,626,911 |
27,787,259 |
17.08 |
|
2020 |
1,622,588 |
27,780,512 |
17.12 |
|
2021 |
1,659,236 |
28,204,854 |
17.00 |
|
2022 |
1,662,384 |
29,149,437 |
17.53 |
|
Source :
FAOSTAT, 2024 |
|||
All over the world, statistical garlic production has
increased from time to time. In 1980, the production of Garlic is just 4
million tons with harvested areas around 614 thousand hectares (ha). In
addition, in 2022, after more than 40 years, the production of garlic has
become 28 million tons with harvested areas around 1.6 million hectares. Based on yield variabel, the value of yield of garlic has
increased from 6.8 tons/ hectare (t/ha) in 1980 to 17.53 million tons/ hectare
(t/ha).
The Production of Garlic in 2022 Based on Continent
|
Continent |
Production of Garlic in 2022 |
|
(Tons) |
|
|
Africa |
948,338 |
|
Americas |
842,537 |
|
Asia |
26,555,807 |
|
Europe |
800,827 |
|
Oceania |
1,928 |
|
Source:
FAOSTAT, 2024 |
|
In the continental view, the garlic production is still
concentrated on the Asian continent
with huge production reaching 26 million tons (contributing about 90% of the world’s total garlic
production), followed by the African
continent with 942 thousand tons (contributing 2.7% of the total
production), and then the Americas by 842 thousand tons (contributing to 2.6%
of the total world production).
Looking at the country statistics, of course, there are several
countries with the biggest garlic production in the world. The rank of the data
was obtained from the FAO
statistical Database (FAOSTAT) from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
from the United Nations (UN). Here is the ranking of the 10 world’s biggest
garlic-producing countries in 2022.
Table Rank 10 World’s Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries in 2022
|
Ranks |
Countries |
Production of Garlic in 2022 |
|
(Tons) |
||
|
1 |
China, mainland |
21,337,798 |
|
2 |
India |
3,208,000 |
|
3 |
Bangladesh |
526,819 |
|
4 |
Egypt |
396,478 |
|
5 |
Spain |
281,900 |
|
6 |
Republic of Korea |
272,759 |
|
7 |
Ethiopia |
218,807 |
|
8 |
Uzbekistan |
210,348 |
|
9 |
United States of America |
204,797 |
|
10 |
Myanmar |
203,292 |
|
Source :
FAOSTAT, 2024 |
||
Brief Description of 10 World’s Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries
1.China, mainland
China become the world’s biggest garlic-producing country in 2022.
Based on the FAO Statistical database (FAOSTAT), the production of Garlic
reached 21.3 million tons. Geographically, in China, based on the Statista
database in 2016, there are several provinces which have the highest production
of Garlic. These provinces include Shandong with production reaching 2.3
million tons, Henan reaching 1.3 million tons, Jiangsu with 840 thousand tons,
Yunnan achieving 480 thousand tons, Hebei with 240 thousand tons, and other provinces.
Genetically, in China, there are several local cultivars of Garlic namely Aching garlic from Heilongjiang, Changshan garlic from Shandong, Yingxian garlic from Shanxi, Taichang garlic from Jiangsu, Chucheng garlic from Anhui, Jiading garlic from Shanghai, Shanggao
garlic from Jiangxi, and Chuanxi
garlic from Sichuan.
2.India
India is the 2nd world’s biggest garlic-producing country in 2022. According to the
FAO Statistical database, the production of India’s Garlic reaches 3.2 million
tons. In India, Geographically, there are some states which have a huge production of Garlic. Based on Apeda in 2017-2018,
these states are Rajasthan with
production reach 582 thousand tons, Uttar Pradesh with production reach 188
thousand tons, Gujarat reaching 151 thousand tons, Punjab reaching 73 thousand tons, and Assam reaching 61 thousand tons.
Genetically, there are some garlic cultivars from India, namely Bhima Purple, Bhima Omkar, Yamuna Safed-3, and Agrifound Parvati.
3.Bangladesh
Bangladesh is another world’s biggest garlic-producing country. In
2022, Based on the FAO Statistical database (FAOSTAT), the production of
Bangladesh’s Garlic reached
526 thousand tons. In this country, there are some garlic cultivars. These are
BARI Roshun-1, BARI Roshun-2, BARI Roshun-3, BARI Roshun-4 and all of the
cultivars were developed by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI),
GC-017, GC-023, GC-018, GC-006. Although it has the highest production of Garlic, this country still imports garlic from China. Furthermore, the major cultivation
areas of Garlic in Bangladesh can be found in Madaripur, Rajbari, Natore,
Pabna, Rajshahi, Dinajpur (Rana, 2021).
4.Egypt
Egypt is the next 4th world’s biggest garlic
producer. In 2022, the production of garlic reaches 396 thousand tons. In
Egypt, there are some popular cultivars of Garlic namely Balady and Chinese-Sids40. Geographically, in
Egypt, the main cultivation areas of Garlic can be found in Beni Suef,
Noubaria, Menia, and Giza (Elasraag, 2022).
5.Spain
Spain is the biggest country producer of Garlic from the European Continent. According
to the FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT), garlic production from
Spain reaches 281 thousand tons. In Spain, geographically, the main garlic
cultivation area is spread over in some
regions. These areas include Castile-La Mancha, which currently has 19,292
hectares of garlic area, followed by Andalusia, with 4,838 hectares of garlic
area, Castile-Leon of 1,786 hectares, Madrid of 872 hectares, and Extremadura,
with approximately 500 hectares. Genetically, there are some cultivars of
garlic in Spain namely Spanish Roja
garlic, Spring White, American White, Morados, and Violets.
6.Republic of Korea
The Republic of Korea is the 6th world’s biggest
garlic-producing country in
2022. Overall, the production of garlic from this country is up to 272 thousand tons. Geographically, in this country, there
is the main cultivation area of garlic namely, Changnyeong and Uiseong region.
7.Ethiopia
Ethiopia is the 7th world’s biggest
garlic-producing countries. Based on FAOSTAT in 2022, the production of Garlic
from Ethiopia reaches 218 thousand tons and still become one of the most widely
grown & consumed vegetables. Geographically, in this country, the main
cultivation areas of Garlic located in Oromia, Amahara, Tigray, and Southern
Ethiopia (Gebre, 2022). In terms of
genetic conditions, there are some popular varieties of Garlic in Ethiopia.
Some cultivated garlic include Kuriftu, Holleta, Bishoftu Nechi, Tseday 92,
Chelenko I, and Chafe (Gebre, 2022).
8.Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is one of the biggest with production reach 210.3
thousand tons. The product garlic from Uzbekistan are turban garlic. The turban Garlic has large bulbs. Culturally, in
Uzbekistan, the garlic usually
planted in August-September.
9. The United States of America
The United States of America also has huge production of Garlic in
2022. In 2022, its production reaches
204 thousand tons. This country also exported its garlic production to
other countries. Geographically, in the USA, California produces more than 90%
of commercial garlic grown in the United States. In specific cities, it can be found mostly in
Gilroy where Christopher Ranch is the largest grower in the nation producing
over 50% of our garlic crops.
10.Myanmar
Myanmar is the 10th biggest country producer of Garlic in 2022.
Statistically, based on the FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT) in
2022, the production of Garlic reached 210,861 tons.
The
Summary of 10 World’s Biggest
Garlic-Producing Countries 2022
The Histogram Rank of 10 World’s Biggest Garlic-Producing Countries 2022
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