10 Indonesia's Largest Provinces Producing Salak

 

10 Indonesia's Largest Provinces Producing Salak - Based on Statistics Indonesia (Government Organization on Statistical Database of Indonesia), there are 10 World’s Biggest Provinces in Indonesia with Salak Production in 2021.  Where can You find many salak in Indonesia? These provinces have produced a large amount of salak in 2021. All the data was obtained from Statistics Indonesia in 2021.

 Salak (Salacca zalacca) is a species of palm tree native to Malaysia and Indonesia. Specifically, S. zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss is a tropical fruit that is native to the Malay Archipelago (Indonesia-Kalimantan, Brunei and Malaysia-Peninsular, Sabah and Sarawak) (Aman, 2006). The fruit is also known as “snake fruit” due to its reddish‐brown scaly skin (Aralas et al., 2009). Taxonomically, based on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), Salak (Salacca zalacca) can be classified into Subdivision: Spermatophytina; Class: Magnoliopsida; Superorder: monocots; Order: Arecales; Family: Arecaceae; Genus: Salacca Reinw; Species: Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss. Functionally, this fruit can be freshly eaten and sometimes it can be processed into some products such as pickles, candies, fruit salad, fruit juice, “dodol,” a sweet toffee-like confection, chips, crackers, wine, or jam (Aralas, et al., 2009).

Nutritionally, Salak fruit has 80±0.4% moisture content (Chareoansiri and Kongkachuichai, 2009). This fruit contains a high nutritional value and is low-calorie. The edible part of the fruit contains high carbohydrate and fiber contents. However, it contains low protein and fat contents. Sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) are among the minerals presented in the flesh of Salak (Chareoansiri and Kongkachuichai, 2009). In Indonesia, there are some popular kinds/ varieties of Salak. Salak Pondoh (indigenous fruit from Yogyakarta) and Salak Bali (indigenous fruit from Bali) are some of the popular Salak in Indonesia. Salak Bali has approximately 18 varieties and salak Pondoh has three variants, which are pondoh super, pondoh hitam and pondoh gading, whereas Salak Bali has a variant, namely Salak Gula Pasir that has sweet taste (Lim, 2012).

Statistically, Indonesia is one of the biggest countries in the World with huge production of Salak. Many provinces in Indonesia have planted these plants. Many cultivars of Salak can be found in Indonesia from different provinces.  Here are the ranks of biggest provinces that have huge productions of Salak.

 

The Ranks of 10 Indonesia's Largest Provinces Producing Salak

 

Ranks	Province	Production of Salak Fruits in 2021	Percentage to National Production
		(Tons)	(%)
1	Jawa Tengah (Central Java)	432,097	39%
2	Sumatera Utara (North Sumatera)	292,881	26%
3	Jawa Timur (East Java)	210,587	19%
4	DI Yogyakarta (Special Region of Yogyakarta)	57,296	5%
5	Bali	27,080	2%
6	Jawa Barat (West Java)	20,704	2%
7	Sulawesi Selatan (South Sulawesi)	10,856	1%
8	Jambi	8,235	1%
9	Lampung	7,984	1%
10	Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan/Borneo)	7,508	1%
Total	All Indonesia	1,120,242
Source : Statistics  Indonesia, 2023

 

 

Brief Descriptions of Biggest Provinces in Indonesia with Salak Production

 

1.Jawa Tengah (Central Java)    

Jawa Tengah (Central Java) is the biggest province in Indonesia of Salak production. Based on the Statistics Indonesia's Database in 2021, the production of Salak from Jawa Tengah / Central Java approximately 432,097 tonnes or contributing around 39% of national production. Basically, in this province, Salak can be found in Kabupaten Magelang and Banjarnegara with Salak Pondoh as a popular plant variety.

2.Sumatera Utara (North Sumatera)     

Sumatera Utara (North Sumatera) is the 2^nd biggest producer of Salak in Indonesia. This is the biggest province in Sumatera of Salak Production. Statistically, the production of Salak from North Sumatera / Sumatera Utara reached 292,881 tonnes in 2021 or contributing around 26% of national salak production in Indonesia.  In North Sumatera, Salak can be found in Padangsidimpuan city. Commonly, Salak in Padangsidimpuan is popular with Salak merah because the the flesh of Salak is reddish in color.

3.Jawa Timur (East Java)            

Jawa Timur (East Java) is the 3^rd biggest producer of Salak in Indonesia. According to Statistics of Indonesia in 2021, the production of Salak from Jawa Timur (East Java) reached 210,587 tonnes or contributed around 19% of national production. In Jawa Timur/ East Java, Salak can be found in some regions. Some of them are Kabupaten Malang, Kabupaten Jember, Kabupaten Lumajang, and Kabupaten Bojonegoro.

4.DI Yogyakarta (Special Region of Yogyakarta)

DI Yogyakarta (Special Region of Yogyakarta) is the 4^th biggest producer of Salak in Indonesia. Basically, this province can produce around 57,296 tonnes or contribute around 5% of national production of Salak in Indonesia. In DI Yogyakarta, Many Salak Plantations can be found in Turi, Sleman with Pondoh Cultivars as popular Salak in Sleman.

5.Bali   

Bali also became one of the biggest producers of Salak in Indonesia. Besides its many beautiful places, Bali has some popular agriculture products especially Salak with production around 27,080 tonnes or contributing around 2% of national production. Bali is also popular with some salak. Some of the popular salak in Bali are salak Bali and Salak gula pasir. In Bali, many salak plantations can be found in Desa Sibetan, Karangasem and Desa Munduktemu, Pupuan.

6.Jawa Barat (West Java)           

Jawa Barat also produces salak. This province can produce around 20,704 tonnes or contributing around   2% of the national production of Salak.  In Jawa Barat, Salak Plantation can be found in Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, and Kabupaten Sumedang and others.

7.Sulawesi Selatan (South Sulawesi)      

Sulawesi Selatan / South Sulawesi produces around 10,856 tonnes. In Sulawesi Selatan, Salak Plantation can be found mostly in Kabupaten Enrekang. Meanwhile, Pinrang and Luwu Timur also produce salak but in minor production. Commonly, in Enrekang, there are some cultivars of salak. Some of them are salak Kuning (GollaGolla), salak kuning kecoklatan (Balibi), dan Salak Hitam.

8.Jambi

Jambi produce salak approximately around 8,235 tonnes. In Jambi, some plantations of Salak can be found in some areas, namely Kabupaten Kerinci, Kabupaten Tebo, and Kabupaten Bungo.

9. Lampung       

Lampung produces salak around 7,984 tonnes. Geographically, In Lampung, the plantation of Salak can be found in Bandar Lampung, Tanggamus, and Lampung Selatan.

10.Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan/Borneo)

Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan) cana produce salak around 7,508 tonnes. In East Kalimantan, some salak plantation can be found in Kabupaten Kutai Timur and Kabupaten Paser. Some of the Salak is the introduction of Salak Pondoh from Sleman and Magelang.

 

The Summary of 10 Indonesia's Largest Provinces Producing Salak

 

References of 10 Indonesia's Largest Provinces Producing Salak

Statistics Indonesia. 2023. Production of Fruits 2021. Accessed via https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/55/62/1/produksi-tanaman-buah-buahan.html  on April 23rd, 2023.

ITIS. 2023. Salacca zalacca. Accessed via https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=817227#null on April 23rd, 2023.

Aralas, S., Mohamed, M. and Fadzelly Abu Bakar, M. (2009), "Antioxidant properties of selected salak (Salacca zalacca) varieties in Sabah, Malaysia", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/00346650910957492

Aman, R., 2006. Buah-buahan Nadir Semenanjung Malaysia, third ed. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur.

Chareoansiri, R., Kongkachuichai, R., 2009. Sugar profiles and soluble and insoluble dietary fiber contents of fruits in Thailand markets. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 60 (S4), 126139.

Lim, T.K., 2012. Salacca zalacca. Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 1, Fruits. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 432_437.